Which one of the following does not fall within the purview of Article 21 of the Constitution?

Detailed Solution:

The correct answer is “Capital punishment”.

Article 21 guarantees the protection of life and personal liberty of every citizen, and the Supreme Court has interpreted it in a broad and expansive manner to include various aspects of life.

However, with respect to capital punishment, the Supreme Court has held that the death penalty does not violate Article 21 if it is awarded after following the due process of law.