Question

Which of the following statements accurately describes the impact of land reforms in India?

1. Land reforms have uniformly led to increased agricultural productivity across all states.
2. Zamindari abolition was the sole focus of land reforms, neglecting tenancy reforms and consolidation of holdings.
3. Land reforms aimed at redistributing land ownership and improving tenancy conditions, but their implementation faced challenges and regional variations.
4. The ceiling on land holdings was universally successful in creating equitable distribution of land resources and eliminating landlessness.